✨Charles Koechlin

Charles Louis Eugène Koechlin (1867-1950) là nhà soạn nhạc, nhà nghiên cứu âm nhạc, nhà sư phạm người Pháp.

Cuộc đời và sự nghiệp

Charles Koechlin bắt đầu thực sự nghiên cứu âm nhạc khi đã 22 tuổi. Ông vào Nhạc viện Paris, học nhạc từ năm 1890 đến năm 1897, dưới sự hướng dẫn của Jules Massenet và Gabriel Fauré.

Phong cách sáng tác

Không theo một trường phái hay phong cách nào cụ thể, âm nhạc của Charles Koechlin chịu ảnh hưởng của những phương thức thời kỳ Trung cổ cũng như của các nhà soạn nhạc đương đại như Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky. Các bản giao hưởng thơ của ông cũng chịu phong cách của Rudyard Kipling Symphony No.1 op.57bis (orchestral version, 1926, of String Quartet No.2) The Seven Stars Symphony op.132 (1933) Symphonie d’Hymnes (1936) [cycle of previously-composed independent movements] Symphony No.2 op.196 (1943–44)

Thơ giao hưởng

La Forêt, op.25 (1897–1906) & op.29 (1896–1907) Nuit de Walpurgis classique op.38 (1901–1916) Soleil et danses dans la forêt op.43 no.1 (1908–11) Vers la plage lointaine, nocturne op.43 no.2 (1908–1916) Le Printemps op.47 no.1 (1908–11) L'Hiver op.47 no.2 (1908–10 orch 1916) Nuit de Juin op.48 no.1 (1908–11 orch 1916) Midi en Août op.48 no.2 (1908–11 orch 1916) La Course de printemps op.95 (1908–25) (Jungle Book Cycle) Vers la Voûte étoilée op.129 (1923–33) La Méditation de Purun Bhaghat op.159 (1936) (Jungle Book Cycle) La Cité nouvelle, rêve d’avenir op.170 (1938; after H.G. Wells) La Loi de la Jungle op.175 (1939–40) (Jungle Book Cycle) Les Bandar-log op.176 (1939–40) (Jungle Book Cycle) Le Buisson ardent opp.203 (1945) & 171 (1938) Le Docteur Fabricius op.202 (1941–44, orch 1946)

Tác phẩm khác cho dàn nhạc

En rêve op.20 no.1 (1896–1900) Au loin op.20 no.2 (1896–1900) L’Automne, symphonic suite op.30 (1896–1906) Études Antiques op.46 (1908–10) Suite légendaire op.54 (1901–15) 5 Chorals dans les modes du moyen-age op.117 bis (1931 orch. 1932) Fugue Symphonique ‘Saint-Georges’ op.121 (1932) L’Andalouse dans Barcelone op.134 (1933) Les Eaux vives – music for 1937 Paris Exposition Universelle, op.160 (1936) Victoire de la vie op.167 (1938 – score for film by Henri Cartier) Offrande musicale sur le nom de BACH op.187 (1942–46) Partita for chamber orchestra op.205 *Introduction et 4 Interludes de style atonal-sériel op.214 (1947–48)

Tác phẩm cho nhạc cụ solo và dàn nhạc

3 Chorals for organ and orchestra op.49 (1909–16) Ballade for piano and orchestra op.50 (1911–19) (also for solo piano) Poème for horn and orchestra op.70 bis (1927 orch of Horn Sonata) 2 Sonatas for clarinet and chamber orchestra, opp.85 bis & 86 bis (1946 arrs of sonatas for clarinet and piano) 20 Chansons bretonnes for cello and orchestra op.115 (1931–32) (arrs of 20 Chansons bretonnes for cello and piano) Silhouettes de Comédie for bassoon and orchestra op.193 *2 Sonatines for oboe d’amore and chamber orchestra op.194 (1942–43)

Wind band

*Quelques chorals pour des fêtes populaires op.153 (1935–36)

Tác phẩm thính phòng

Trois Pièces for bassoon and piano, op.34 String Quartet No.1 op.51 (1911–13) Sonata, flute and piano op.52 (1913) Sonata, viola and piano op.53 Suite en quatuor pour flûte, violon, alto et piano op.55 (1911–1915) String Quartet No.2 op.57 (1911–15) [see also Symphony No.1] Sonata, oboe and piano op.58 (1911–16) Sonata, violin and piano op.64 (1915–16) Paysages et Marines for chamber ensemble op.63 (1915–16) [also arr. for piano solo] Sonata, cello and piano op.66 (1917) Sonata, horn and piano op.70 (1918–25) Sonata, bassoon and piano op.71 (1918–1919) String Quartet No.3 op.72 (1917–21) Sonata, 2 flutes op.75 (1920) Sonata No.1, clarinet and piano op.85 (1923) Sonata No.2, clarinet and piano op.86 (1923) Trio for flute, clarinet and bassoon (or violin, viola and violoncello) (1927) Piano Quintet op.80 20 Chansons bretonnes for cello and piano op.115 (1931–32) L’Album de Lilian (Book I) for soprano, flute, clarinet, piano op.139 (1934) L’Album de Lilian (Book II) for flute, piano, harpsichord, Ondes Martenot op.149 (1935) Quintet No.1 for flute, harp and string trio Primavera op.156 (1936) 14 Pièces for flute and piano op.157b (1936) Épitaphe de Jean Harlow for flute, alto saxophone and piano op.164 (1937) Septet for wind instruments op.165 (1937) 14 Pièces for clarinet and piano op.178 (1942) 14 Pièces for oboe and piano op.179 (1942) 15 Pièces for horn (or saxophone) and piano op.180 (1942) 15 Études for saxophone and piano op.188 (1942–44) 12 Menodies for Instruments op.213 (1947) :First and Second for flute :Third and Fourth for oboe :Fifth and Sixth for clarinet :Seventh and Eighth for bassoon :Ninth for alto saxophone :Tenth for trombone :Eleventh for trumpet :Twelfth for horn Sonate à sept for flute, oboe, harp and string quartet op.221 Morceau de lecture pour la flûte op. 218 (1948) Quintet No.2 for flute, harp and string trio Primavera II op.223 (1949) Stèle funéraire for flute, piccolo and alto flute op.224 (1950)

Tác phẩm khí nhạc

5 Sonatines for piano op.59 (1915–16) 4 Sonatines Françaises for piano duet, op.60 (1919) [also version for orchestra] Paysages et Marines for piano op.63 (1915–16) [also arr. chamber ensemble] Les Heures persanes, 16 pieces for piano op.65 (1913–19) [also orchestral version] 12 Pastorales for piano op.77 (1916–20) 4 Nouvelles Sonatines françaises for piano op.87 (1923–24) L’Ancienne Maison de campagne for piano op.124 (1923–33) Danses pour Ginger Rogers for piano op.163 (1937) Vers le soleil – 7 monodies for Ondes Martenot op.174 (1939) Suite for cor anglais op.185 (1942) Les Chants de Nectaire, 96 pieces for flute solo in 3 series, opp.198, 199 & 200 (1944) 15 Préludes for piano op.209 (1946) *Le Repos de Tityre for oboe d’amore solo op.216

Tác phẩm hợp xướng

L’Abbaye, Suite religieuse for soli, chorus and orchestra opp.16 & 42 (1908) 3 Poèmes for soli, chorus and orchestra op.18 (Jungle Book Cycle) Chant funèbre à la mémoire des jeunes femmes défuntes for chorus and orchestra op.37 (1902–08) Chant pour Thaelmann for choir and piano or wind band op.138 (1934) *Requiem des pauvres bougres for chorus, orchestra, piano, organ and Ondes Martenot op.161 (1936–37)

Các ca khúc

Rondels, Set I op.1 (1890–95) 4 Poèmes d’Edmond Haraucourt op.7 (1890–97) Rondels, Set II op.8 (1891–96) Poèmes d’automne op.13 (1894–99) Rondels, Set III op.14 (1896–1901) 3 Mélodies op.17 (1895–1900) 2 Poèmes d’André Chénier op.23 (1900–02) 6 Mélodies sur des poésies d’Albert Samain op.31 (1902-6) 5 Chansons de Bilitis op.39 (1898–1908) 5 Mélodies sur des poèmes de ‘Shéhérazade’ de Tristan Klingsor Series I op.56 (1914–16) 8 Mélodies sur des poèmes de ‘Shéhérazade’ de Tristan Klingsor Series II op.84 (1922–3) 7 Chansons pour Gladys op.151 (1935)